Windows Subsystem for Linux i.e. WSL allows us to run a Linux environment directly on Windows 10. We can use the Linux OS on Windows just like we are using the actual Linux OS. Also, there is no need for dual boot or any resource-intensive applications like Hyper-V, VirtualBox, Parallels, WMware, or Vagrant. This tutorial provides all the steps required to install Windows Subsystem for Linux i.e. WSL 2 with Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on Windows 10. The steps mentioned in this tutorial are tested with Windows 11 and it works fine for Windows 11.
Notes: This tutorial does not cover the steps to install WSL 2 on Windows 10 for the members of the Windows Insider Program. It covers the manual installation steps to install WSL 2.
Prerequisites
This tutorial assumes that you have the appropriate Windows build in order to install or upgrade to WSL 2. The minimum system requirements for installing WSL 2 on Windows 10 are listed below.
X64 Systems - Version 1903 or higher, with Build 18362 or higher
ARM64 Systems - Version 2004 or higher, with Build 19041 or higher
You can always check your Windows version and build by right-clicking the Start Menu and choose Run as shown in Fig 1.
Fig 1
Now type winver as shown in Fig 2 and hit Enter Key. It should show the Windows 10 version and Build as shown in Fig 3.
Fig 2
Fig 3
The version on my Windows 10 - X64 system is 20H2 and Build is 19042 which is good to install WSL 2.
Enable Virtual Machine and Windows Subsystem for Linux On Windows 10
After confirming the minimum requirements to install WSL 2, we will enable the Virtual Machine feature on Windows 10 using the command shown below. Open PowerShell as Administrator and execute the command.
# Enable Virtual Machine Feature dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
It should show the success message as shown in Fig 4.
Similarly, enable the Windows Subsystem for Linux feature on Windows 10 using the command as shown below. Use PowerShell as Administrator to execute the command.
# Enable Windows Subsystem for Linux dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
Fig 4
Download Linux Kernel update Package
In this step, we will download and install the most recent version of the Linux Kernel update Package using the Official Download for X64. Run the installer by double-clicking it after completing the download. It might show a security warning as shown in Fig 5.
Fig 5
Click the OK Button to continue the installation. The installer will show the Welcome Screen as shown in Fig 6.
Fig 6
Now click the Next Button. It might ask for system permission. Allow the installer to continue the installation. It will show the success message after completing the installation as shown in Fig 7.
Fig 7
Now click the Finish Button to close the installer. Also, set the WSL 2 as your default version using the command shown below. Use PowerShell as administrator to execute the command.
# Change WSL Version wsl --set-default-version 2
# Output For information on key differences with WSL 2 please visit https://aka.ms/wsl2
This completes the installation of WSL 2 on Windows 10.
Install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
In this step, we will install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on Windows 10 by downloading the distribution from Microsoft Store. Open Microsoft Store and search for Linux. It lists all the available Linux distributions as shown in Fig 8.
Fig 8
Now, click the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS option as highlighted in Fig 8. It shows the details of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS as shown in Fig 9.
Fig 9
Click the Get Button to start downloading Ubuntu 20.04 LTS for WSL 2. It will show the download progress as shown in Fig 10.
Fig 10
After completing the download and installation, it will ask to launch Ubuntu 20.04 LTS as shown in Fig 11.
Fig 11
Click the Launch Button to launch Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. It might show an error on the first launch as mentioned below and in Fig 12.
Installing, this may take a few minutes...
WslRegisterDistribution failed with error: 0xc03a001a
Error: 0xc03a001a The requested operation could not be completed due to a virtual disk system limitation. Virtual hard disk files must be uncompressed and unencrypted and must not be sparse.
Press any key to continue...
Fig 12
Close the Ubuntu window, locate the CanonicalGroupDirectory as shown in Fig 14, right-click the LocalState directory, select Advanced Options, and uncheck Compress contents to save disk space option.
Fig 13
Now, again launch Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. It will take some time for the first launch. The subsequent launches will be faster. It will ask to set the default username and password on successful launch as shown in Fig 14.
Fig 14
After providing the default username and password, it will start the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS machine as shown in Fig 15.
Fig 15
This completes the installation of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using Windows Subsystem for Linux i.e. WSL 2. We can also confirm Ubuntu 20.04 using the command prompt as shown below.
# Check Installed Distributions wsl --list
# Output Windows Subsystem for Linux Distributions: Ubuntu-20.04 (Default)
# Check Installed Distributions with State wsl --list --verbose # Output NAME STATE VERSION * Ubuntu-20.04 Running 2
We can also switch the WSL versions as shown below.
# Switch Ubuntu 20.04 to WSL 2 wsl --set-version Ubuntu-20.04 2
# Switch Ubuntu 20.04 to WSL 1 wsl --set-version Ubuntu-20.04 1
The Ubuntu can be terminated using the terminate command as shown below.
# Terminate Ubuntu wsl --terminate Ubuntu-20.04
# Check State wsl --list --verbose
# Output NAME STATE VERSION * Ubuntu-20.04 Stopped 2
Using Windows Terminal
We can also access the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS installed by us using the Windows Terminal. You can also follow How To Install Windows Terminal on Windows 10.
Now launch Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using WSL 2 in a new tab of Windows Terminal as shown in Fig 16.
Fig 16
Browse Drives
We can browse the available windows partitions using the command >cd /mnt/<drive letter>/<the path> from either Ubuntu 20.04 launched directly from the Start Menu or launched using the Windows Terminal as shown in Fig 17.
Fig 17
Summary
This tutorial provided all the steps required to install Windows Subsystem for Linux i.e. WSL 2 on Windows 10. It also provided all the steps required to install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on Windows 10 and Windows 11 using WSL 2.
